Unanswered Concerns About Video Analysis Essay Topics for College

Unanswered Concerns About Video Analysis Essay Topics for College The Battle Over Video Analysis Essay Topics for College and How to Win It Last words of advice are to ask your teacher after deciding the subject of analogy essays since they might would like you to write on something else or claim which you haven't crafted the suitable topic etc.. When writing a crucial composition, it's sensible to pick contradictive topics. The subject of any essay is among the most crucial characteristics that define its success. Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debatableand it's critical to at all times be critically considering the world around us. When it has to do with writing an argumentative essay, the most significant issue to do is to select a topic and an argument you may really get behind. In choosing your topic, it's frequently a good notion to start with a subject which you already have some familiarity with. To choose which subject you're likely to discuss, it's vital to see the complete collection of good persuasive speech topics from the specific area of study. The issue sets in in case you aren't supplied a topic. The Argument About Video Analysis Essay Topics for College Generally, it's paper's very first body paragraph. Another good idea is to receive some totally free essay examples of different kinds and on various subjects to find a general idea of the way in which a thriving debatable paper looks. How a crystal clear thesis statement is crucial. So far as essay structure goes, a 4 or 5 paragraph essay based on the number of points you may want to argue is a great start. You might also want to suggest more research or comment on things that it wasn't possible that you discuss in the paper. Your solution shouldn't be a book report. Thus, you've got to be quite careful when recommending the ideas. Once you get your proposal essay ideas, now is the time to get started writing. The End of Video Analysis Essay Topics for College Therefore, process analyses can be quite detailed and at times quite long. Hence, if you believe banking essays are boring just like your company studies are, then you're probably wrong here. If you're writing a background synthesis, in some instances it might be appropriate that you offer you an interpretation of the material or have a position (thesis). The very best topic for a crucial analysis essay is the one which will give students opportunity to demonstrate their understanding plus the capability to analyze and cope up with relevant judgments. Hearsay, Lies and Video Analysis Essay Topics for College Thesis must b e mentioned in various words and briefly explained. A thesis has to be arguable like in an argumentative or persuasive essay to create the readers wish to debate. Usually, it doesn't include references and quotes in it. In this kind of situation, it's more convenient to locate ready-made essays and use them as an example. To locate argumentative essay topics easy on various platforms, you want to comprehend about the argumentative essay. Writing an excellent essay might be a bit of cake if you are feeling inspired. When it has to do with the middle school, the argumentative essay incorporates moderate topics. An analysis essay is a sort of persuasive essay. An argumentative essay is a certain kind of academic writing. Persuasive or argumentative essays are supposed to convince the audience of somebody's viewpoint about a specific topic. The Upside to Video Analysis Essay Topics for College You've already done a good deal of reading and a great deal of writing in your life. Remember that you may make funny argumentative essays if you do a few things. Many brilliant individuals who achieved success in life proved actually academic drop-outs. F. Bacon The main intention of the capital isn't to get as much money as possible, yet to make sure that money results in a better life. College is for a high amount of study. Colleges are more inclined to admit students who can articulate certain explanations for why the school is a great fit about them beyond its reputation or ranking on any list . Students are accustomed to the simple fact which their professors give them with the assignment's topic. Often college students get into plenty of stress to get the ideal topic for the essay. Thus, for your coursework, you're want to have the very best ideas. How to turn in an application for a study abroad program. The role of assigning an essay to middle school students is to make awareness and permit them to develop writing skills. Explain your commitments, and you're going to be the sort of student colleges find immensely attractive. At the exact same time, it's an amazing persuasive essay idea. For Academic writing, creating a high quality essay topic or topic for essay that may capture attention and keep a high degree of energy depends upon somebody's interest and points being made. Another reason is to observe how well students argue on unique views and demonstrate understanding of the studied subject. Therefore, students must work very difficult as a way to think of a practical solution for virtually any problem. What You Need to Do About Video Analysis Essay Topics for College Before It Is Too Late If you still struggle to find something which you're able to write about, you always have the option to consider our professional quick essay writing service. The critical reason many writers fail is they don't go further. When you're writing about yourself, be certain that you include words that explain the emotions you're feeling at several areas of the story. You are able to also talk about the issues that arrive with having a football program.

Globalization Has Made An Influence On Multiculturalism

Globalization for (Giddens 1990, p.64) is the ‘intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice versa’. This meaning that In contemporary Britain today worldwide countries and different locations are interconnecting in many different ways even if they are thousands of miles away. This could firstly be in terms of the distribution of goods, whereby different cultures food and services get transferred and enriched into other countries and societies. In this essay I am going to discuss and evaluate whether or not globalization has made an influence on multiculturalism in contemporary Britain today in positive or negative†¦show more content†¦Thus this is supported by (Kivisto, 2002) in his book where he quotes ’Societies are considerably more ethnically diverse - and thus multicultural - than they once were’. Globalization and the emergence of different countries connecting with each other has made for a more multicultural society also in that Multinational Companies have benefited greatly from globalization. A diverse population employed by these companies in different countries helps them capture global markets, increase customer base across nations, and earn profits easily. It may be argued that globalization has made a huge influence on multiculturalism and is helping to transform contemporary Britain today. Some would say this is a negative formation as the process of globalization is disrupting societies traditional identities and is at risk of loosing their own culture. Many people want to preserve their culture as much as possible. However, on the other hand globalization does not always mean complete resemblance. In some ways globalisation allows for some differences. Today, we have multiculturalism not only within cuisine, but in other areas of media, religion, and education. In modern Britain today worldwide improvement in transportation and communication has produced further interaction among an array of different communities worldwide. The new media (such as social media) has meant that people from different societies in different parts of

Information Technology Is More Than Computers Alone

The information revolution is blasting through our world. There’s no escaping its effects. Intense drops in the cost of gaining, processing, and transmitting information are changing the way we do business. â€Å"To get ahead in today’s business world, a company must utilize the right resources. One of the most effective, of course, is information technology (IT), which has become an essential tool for businesses across many industries† (2013). Information technology is more than computers alone. Today, information technology must be conceived of largely to include the information that companies produce and use as well as a large range of increasingly related technologies that process the information. In addition to computers, communications technologies, data recognition equipment, factory automation, and other hardware and services are also involved. Verizon Communications, which will be the focus of the project, uses Management Information Systems wisely in th e very competitive communication industry. Verizon has controlled the market share on the power of its wide-ranging coverage network and its reputation for excellent customer service. The company tends to provide to upper income consumers than its cheaper and less-expensive challengers, such as Sprint. While Verizon costs more than competing providers, the company has successfully rooted its service with the opinion of value. Remaining Competitive Verizon designs,Show MoreRelated The Internet and Technology Essay1323 Words   |  6 PagesThe Internet and Technology Technology today has made an impact in our everyday lives. Technology offers many advances in the world. One of the areas of impact is in the field of education. An important technological advance has been movies and videos. Some would say these have become vital teaching tools. Technology as a whole has made way for several new conventions, some good, and some bad. While there are several advantages to using technology to enhance education, there are also severalRead MoreDoes Technology Make Us More Alone And Anti Social?845 Words   |  4 PagesDoes technology make us more alone and anti-social? The word technology is derived from Greek word techne, which means â€Å"art†, and by the late eighteenth century, it emerged itself referring to the study of the science or discipline of techniques (Cline, 3). Technology truly has been a blessing to mankind. Its advancement to present day world has made human life better, efficient and convenient. Importantly, it has brought people from thousands miles together who can’t be together for certain reasonsRead MoreTechnology Has Changed Our Lives1469 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Technology has revolutionized the way in which all humans go about their daily lives. In every second of every day, our world and way of life becomes more developed and dependent on technology for the basic needs of human existences. Whether it is at home, work, school, walking down the street, or listening to music, technology has allowed people to do things better, faster, and more efficiently. As the world continues to explode with new technolog y being developed and current technology being high-qualityRead MoreThe Teaching Of Computer Science900 Words   |  4 Pagestaught valuable information that will help us define our career and ultimately what we are going to to do for our whole life. While most courses are offered and taught some valuable skills do not get the same amount of attention as others do. One course in particular is computer science or the teaching of HTML. HyperText Markup Language, commonly abbreviated as HTML, is the standard markup language used to create web pages. Along with CSS, and JavaScript, HTML is a cornerstone technology used to createRead MoreTeaching Is A Difficult Job1478 Words   |  6 Pagesworth learning. These demands are easily obtained by incorporating technology into the education system. Incorporating technology into classrooms provides an alternative learning experience, 21st century skills, and reduces costs. Not every child is capable of learning and comprehending material the same way. Different learning styles require information delivered in alternative ways for it to have the greatest effect. Technology provides different learning opportunities for students who need anRead MoreHuman Dependency on Technology Essays1050 Words   |  5 Pagesthe world has ever seen before, the Information era. According to Market Information and Statistics Division, in 2009, an estimated 26 per cent of the world’s population (or 1.7 billion people) were using the Internet. In developed countries the percentage remains much higher than in the developing world where four out of five people are still excluded from the benefits of being online. We are constantly being introduced to new additions and forms of technology. Many of these items which we are introducedRead MoreAre We Becoming Technological Zombies?1548 Words   |  7 Pagesexponential rate. As humans, the need for technology is growing e very single day, the use of this technology helps people through their daily tasks, whether it be checking the weather to know what to wear, or checking the calendar to see what meetings are on the schedule, to going to the factory and being around it and needing it for the job, such as producing cars on an assembly line. The need for technology as humans see, is growing, it is becoming more and more useful in the daily lives of almost everyRead MoreMusic File Sharing: An Ethical Debate Essay examples1090 Words   |  5 PagesWe are different. Living amidst a new era, technology has changed our lives forever. For more than a decade, our generation had commonly been referred to as the â€Å"net generation.† Our fortune brings us life in the age of digital information, where information flows freely and knowledge is infinite. We have embraced the concept of freedom and taken several levels farther than what our forefathers imagined. Whether we realize it or not, we naturally question the unknown and demand answers to our questionsRead MoreTechnology Is Becoming So Favored Employment Of Computer And Information Technology1019 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology is becoming so favored employment of computer and information technology is well-needed. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, (2015) Employment of computer and information technology occupations is projected to grow 12 percent from 2014 to 2024, faster than the average for all occupations. Information technology illustrates several electronic components so the capability permit affecting storehouses, alter and instruction series in a institution. The biggest modernistic careersRead MoreEducation, Communication, And Evolution Of Human Intelligence Essay1591 Words   |  7 Pageshas grown to unprecedented levels. For example, as a result of technology, patients can remotely interact with medics located in different parts of the world through telehealth/telemedicine. In the field of education, students do not necessarily need to visit libraries to access books; there are several soft copies of books online that they can access from the comfort of their desktop computers, laptops or even mobile phones. On a more advanced level, learning does not necessarily have to occur only

Establishing a Healthy Communication Policy for Schools

Communication is a key component to having a fantastic year and an excellent staff. It is essential that administrators, teachers, parents, staff, and students have a clear line of communication. This is a sample of a school communication policy that will assist in keeping clear communication lines with the entire school community. Communication Tips No matter who you are talking with—students, parents, teachers, or the principal—it helps to be courteous, professional, and well prepared. Written communications should always be proofread and written or typed neatly. How Teachers Will Communicate With Parents and Guardians Written Form All teachers will send home a form letter to each student’s parents introducing yourself, highlighting your class, contact information, goals you have for the year, etc. The letter will be sent home the first day of school.All letters or notes to parents should be proofread by at least two other faculty members before the note is sent home.After the letters have been proofread by two faculty members, they need to be turned into the principal for final approval.A copy needs to be made and put in that student’s file of each letter or note sent home to that student’s parents.All written communication should be professional, courteous, and have contact information to get back in touch with the teacher.Avoid the use of jargon.If the letter/note is hand written, make sure that it is legible. If it is typed, make sure that it is at least standard 12-point font. Electronic Form Copies should be printed and filed of any correspondence via electronic form.Make sure that all text/graphics are large enough to be seen or read.Avoid the use of jargon.Be sure to run spell/grammar check on any electronic communications.Only use electronic communications with parents who have expressed that it is the way they prefer to be contacted.You must log off your email every day before going home. Phone Be polite and courteous.Before you make the call, write down everything you need to communicate with that parent. Be organized with your thoughts.Keep a phone log. Record the date, time, and reason for calling that parent.Be direct and mindful of the parent’s time.If the parent is unable to talk to you at that time, politely ask when would be a good time to call them again.If you receive a voice mail; identify who you are, what you are calling about, and leave information for them to return your phone call. Parent-Teacher Conferences Dress professionally.Create a comfortable atmosphere. Don’t place a formal teachers desk between yourself and the parents. Use the same type of chair.Be prepared! Have your agenda ready. Have materials available that show the good and/or bad of the student.Always start the conference out with something positive.Be attentive and listen.Never talk about other students or teachers.Avoid the use of jargon.End the conference with something positive.Let them know that you care about their child.If the situation becomes difficult, call the office for assistance immediately.Keep a conference journal. Record the date, time, reason, and key points discussed in the conference. Miscellaneous Thursday Folders – Notes, letters, graded papers, and pertinent information will be sent home every Thursday with the students in a folder. The parent will take out and go through the papers, sign the folder, and return it back to the teacher the next day.Progress reports from each teacher need to go out bi-weekly.Each teacher should send four positive personal notes, make four positive phone calls, or a combination of both per week rotating through their home room roster. All parents need to receive positive information regarding their child at least two times per nine weeks.All correspondence with parents should be documented. Keep a file on hand for each student in your homeroom.Do not discuss other students or teachers with parents. Be professionally mindful.Develop a positive relationship with parents. Try to gain their trust and let them know that you have their child’s best interest in mind at all times.Always avoid the use of jargon. Use language that will make the parents feel comfortable and at ease. Keep it simple! Communications Within the School Community Principal to Teacher I will be sending out a daily e-mail to all staff each morning. The e-mail will highlight significant events, remind you of tasks, and offer suggestions for you to use in your classroom.All teachers need to check their email at least three times per day.We will have weekly staff meetings to go over relevant information and discuss events happening within our school. The meetings will be every Wednesday 3:15 p.m. We will have them in the cafeteria. These meetings are mandatory!Be sure to check your mail box daily. I will be placing grant information, classroom activities and ideas, and other information in your boxes as it becomes available.I am a hands-on principal. I think it is necessary for me to know what my teachers are doing in their classrooms. I will be visiting your classrooms several times per week.I would like to have one-on-one meetings with every teacher at least two times per nine weeks. I will use these meetings as an opportunity to see how you are doing, see if you h ave any needs, and to listen to ideas that you might have. Teacher to Principal I have an open door policy. Feel free to come in my office and discuss issues with me whenever you need. I am always happy to answer questions, take suggestions, and listen to my teachers.You are always welcome to email me for anything. I will check my email several times each day and will respond to your email as quick as possible.If an issue or problem comes up after school. Please feel free to call me at home. I will do my best to address your needs as quickly and conveniently as possible. Communications With Substitute Teachers If you know that you are going to be absent, please let the secretary know as soon as possible.If an emergency happens after school hours, please call the secretary or principal at home as soon as possible.You must fill out an absentee request form if you know you are going to be absent. If it is an emergency situation, then you must feel one out as soon as you return to school. Preparation and Materials for Substitutes: All teachers need to put a substitute packet together. The packet needs to be on file in the office. Be sure that you keep the packet up-to-date. The packet should include the following items: three days of updated emergency lesson plansenough copies of all work sheets for all studentsclass scheduleseating chartsclass rolesattendance slipslunch count slipssafety procedures and plansclass rulesstudent discipline policycontact teacher informationmiscellaneous informationIf you know that you are going to be absent and are capable of putting current lesson plans together, please turn them into the office to give to the substitute. Make sure that they are detailed, easy to follow, and state specifically what and when you want the substitute to do. Use the substitute lesson plan forms available in the office.If you are including worksheets in the lesson plans, try to copy them off for the substitute if it is possible. If it is not possible, make sure that you leave the correct number of copies that they will need for each sheet.If it is possible, write a personal note to the substitute making them feel welcome and giving them any information that you feel might help them. Communication With Students All students are to be treated fairly and with respect. If you expect them to respect you, then you have to respect them.You need to have an open door policy with all of your students. Let them know that they can trust you. Allow them the opportunity to come in, talk to you, ask you questions, and voice their concerns and opinions.It is our job to provide students with optimal opportunities to learn. We need to create an atmosphere that fosters learning and enhances a student’s ability to do such.All students regardless of race, color, or gender should be given equal opportunities and fair treatment by their teachers, administrators, and peers.All students should be encouraged to ask questions, and all teachers need to provide as an accurate of a response as possible.All teachers should have every student’s best interest in mind.

Essay Samples on Syrian Refugees

<h1>Essay Samples on Syrian Refugees</h1><p>If you will compose a paper on Syrian displaced people coming into the United States in monetary year 2020, you'll need to discover exposition tests on Syrian outcasts in your branch of knowledge. An incredible asset for this is the American Common Anguish site. This is what they need to state about it:</p><p></p><p>Many understudies will be acquainted with exposition tests from school, however we propose that you look for assets online to maintain a strategic distance from any of the entanglements. Composing expositions is an aptitude and there are no surefire equations to support you. To truly figure out how to compose a far reaching, scholarly paper, it can take a great deal of work.</p><p></p><p>If you're searching for article tests on Syrian displaced people, you can either discover one on the web or in a book. It would be a smart thought to search for scholarly, profici ent evaluation books also. They will as a rule contain all the important and key data you have to begin composing a paper on this topic.</p><p></p><p>One of the most well known kinds of exposition tests is of the considerable number of articles on the Syrian emergency. These can be an incredible method to look into points on an exceptionally close to home level. The motivation behind why the writers' beneficial encounters make up a major piece of the paper is on the grounds that their life has been incredibly influenced by what's going on in Syria and the remainder of the world. The tone of the article additionally takes an individual turn in light of the fact that the writer feels profoundly for the exiles' plight.</p><p></p><p>Whether you're composing a paper on Syrian displaced people in our monetary year 2020 or not, you will need to make a point to search for exposition tests regarding this matter. There are a huge number of autho rs who have just put their musings on composing these sorts of articles on Syrian evacuees to work. What's more, a large number of them will disclose to you that a decent paper regarding this matter gets exceptionally high markson secondary school and school entrance exams.</p><p></p><p>If you're experiencing difficulty discovering exposition tests regarding this matter, take a stab at scanning with the expectation of complimentary web journals identified with it. On the off chance that there's a touch of substance posted that you like, you can utilize it as a model for your own article. There are numerous sites online committed to examining this subject, so you should discover some that intrigue to you.</p><p></p><p>Of course, there are likewise paper tests accessible for reading material and different articles regarding the matter. You may discover some that you especially appreciate and use as references or diagrams for your own pap ers. It's constantly a smart thought to attempt to look out for this sort of paper tests on subjects that intrigue you. With such a significant number of assets accessible, it's anything but difficult to simply surrender noticeable all around and state 'I don't have the foggiest idea what to compose about!'</p><p></p><p>When it comes to paper tests on Syrian displaced people, try to search for the ones that talk straightforwardly to your very own understanding or that delineate and impart the significance of this subject. It will help in case you're content with what you're composing, insofar as you try to do it expertly and accurately.</p>

Difference Between Managerial And Financial Accounting

Question 1 The main difference between managerial and financial accounting is who the end-users are. Financial accounting is concerned with producing information for external users based on historical data. External users for financial accounting would include investors, creditors, and government agencies among others. Financial accounting must also adhere to strict rules that have been put in place to monitor the financial documents that are created within it. These policies are enforced and monitored by various external agencies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Financial accounting information is used when making decisions regarding investments, stewardship evaluations, or regulatory measures. Managerial accounting is focused on the internal user and has no mandatory rules that it must follow. The information gathered and produced within managerial accounting does not always pertain to financial information, as the possibility to have nonfinancial information is prevalent. This type of accounting also focuses on the future, which is identified by the information being gathered, is used to make internal decisions on planning, controlling, and decision-making. Managerial accounting provides detailed information for which these decisions to be made while also maintaining a broad and multidisciplinary approach. Question 2 Three types of product costs are defined and used within managerial accounting. Direct material is a type of product cost and it can beShow MoreRelatedDifference between Financial and Managerial Accounting 637 Words   |  3 PagesThe primary difference between financial and managerial accounting is that financial accounting is used for external members of the company; they do not control or run the businesses’ operations. An example of external members would be customers and shareholders of the business. On the other hand, managerial accounting is used for internal members in the company such as managers and officers. The internal members use managerial accounting to increase efficiency and effectiveness within their companyRead MoreThe Differences Between Financial And Managerial Accounting1320 Words   |  6 Pagesorganization may be a part of, accounting plays a vital role in everyday decision making. Without the field of accounting, companies and organizations would not be nearly as efficient, productive and successful as they are today. Accounting serves many purposes for an organization, whether it is financial or managerial. But, not all forms of accounting are the same. With that being said, to better understand the differences between financial and managerial accounting, it is important to first knowRead MoreDifference Between Financial And Managerial Accounting931 Words   |  4 Pages The similarity and differences between financial and managerial accounting, Management accounting is only used for internal operations and the financial is more external which is the overall financial picture and data collected by an organization that may have accountability towards the public, IRS and partners. Both are similar functions, but one is perhaps more in depth. The Target company purpose is design the show, review the project, inputs and outputs, expenses, and review all necessaryRead MoreDifference Between Managerial Accounting And Financial Accounting2490 Words   |  10 Pagespresented does not remain true to the conceptual framework of accounting. This paper will discuss all of the various owners, their key decisions, and how those decisions affected others. Before we discuss this in further detail, it is important to explain the difference between managerial accounting and financial accounting, as both will be used explain information relevant to Alston. â€Å"Managerial accounting measures, analyzes, and reports financial and nonfinancial information that helps managers make decisionsRead MoreManagerial Accounting And The Certified Management1408 Words   |  6 PagesManagerial accounting is used by an organization to ensure informed decisions are made regarding current and future operations. Businessmen and women must have the ability to comprehend financial information provided to properly determine the correct course of action. In the global market of today, an organization’s inability to accurately determine the best course of action can lead to financial ruin for the company. Uninformed decisions by leadership can derail a business’ prospects for successRead MoreManagerial Accounting1152 Words   |  5 PagesManagerial Accounting 12/3/15 Managerial Accounting Accounting is a crucial part in running a business. There are various forms of accounting that can be used, it is very important to know which technique is best to use for what companies. Once you figure out a particular technique to use, it is important to keep an open mind if there are any changes that need to take place in the business. By keeping an open mind helps the business adjust and be able to make the right decisions. Every businessRead MoreEssay On The Most Valuable Things Learned1018 Words   |  5 PagesMost Valuable Things Learned Some of the most profitable things for me is that in learning about utilization and financial statements is to consider the usage for fiscal explanations to examine and getting an understanding of how the firm incorporates those offers data over Comprehension of those executions of the firm. The financial clear information very detailed analysis of an idea that will be critical similarly as it gives serious data of the shareholders in taking such choices. FurthermoreRead MoreManagerial and Financial Accounting1235 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Part 1 Managerial and Financial Accounting: Key Differences Several differences exist between the above branches of accounting. To begin with, when it comes to financial accounting, the financial reports prepared are primarily utilized by external users including but not limited to regulators, creditors and stockholders (Weygandt, Kimmel and Kieso, 2009). On the other hand, managerial accounting reports are primarily meant for internal users i.e. managers and other officers of the firm. TheseRead MoreSample Resume : Managerial Accounting1411 Words   |  6 Pages MASTERS IN PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTANCY STUDENT NAME : Shilpa Thakran STUDENT ID : 17909848 UNIT NUMBER : 530 REPORT : MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING TUTOR NAME : CHEOW WING WONG DUE DATE : September 12, 2014 TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 1.0 PRODUCT COSTING†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 1.1 JUST IN TIMERead MoreRole Of Managerial And Managerial Accounting1029 Words   |  5 PagesThe role of managerial accounting has played a significant role in the success of businesses dating as far back as the 19th century. Service and production operations during the days of the industrial revolution were not nearly as sophisticated then as they are today. The current initial purpose of managerial accounting is comparable to its purpose throughout history. Managerial accounting has historically been useful in assisting managers with the information they need to make important decisions

Scholarships For Research Help Students Investigate New Countries

<h1>Scholarships For Research Help Students Investigate New Countries</h1><p>The improvement of the web has made it workable for scientists and colleges to do examine in a few nations simultaneously. Here, understudies who are searching for grant cash for their instruction concentrate abroad and lead inquires about in different nations, which are frequently altogether different from their own country.</p><p></p><p>One of the latest patterns of global relocation in creating nations is look into. There are loads of scientists everywhere throughout the world. They are fundamentally understudies and postgraduate understudies, and they need to travel significant distances and get to other countries.</p><p></p><p>Scholarships are being given for look into, which is significant. Numerous organizations have opened up, which offer understudies an opportunity to do inquire about in various nations, as per their inclinations. In this regard, grants for investigate are a must.</p><p></p><p>Scholarships for look into are being offered for a few reasons. One is that many research exercises are completed by understudies during their examinations, regardless of whether in the nation of study or not. Others apply for grants to do their undertakings. A few understudies even consider doing inquires about outside the nation where they are contemplating, in view of the extra research open doors offered by universities.</p><p></p><p>A college scientist is entirely different from an analyst with college degrees. The last needs to head out to different nations to do look into, and an application to a college award for research would be hard to assemble. This is the reason numerous college specialists offer grants for explore. This is likewise valid for post-graduate students.</p><p></p><p>Scholarships for investigate assist people with discovering e lective approaches to finance their examinations. It accommodates their monetary needs, including travel costs. It likewise assists understudies with focusing on their examination and papers.</p><p></p><p>New nations are being found each day. Understudies who might want to head out to another nation should ensure that their movement can be financed. This is a decent method for doing this.</p>

Unanswered Questions About Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay Topics

<h1> Unanswered Questions About Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay Topics</h1> <p>There are various article composing administrations that believe they're the absolute best, and along these lines don't be cheated and check the veritable rundown of the absolute best. The most much of the time experienced paper composing administration that the greater part of our customers require is article composing. Henceforth, this representation can be a brilliant logical examination test for extra finding out about how to create such papers on any scholarly works. This isn't an occasion of the work created by our paper composing administration. </p> <p>Reading model expositions works precisely the same way! The equivalent is relevant to top article authors. On the off chance that you are looking for top article composing organizations, give a shot the referenced previously. These days it's very difficult to find a reliable paper composing administration. </p> <h2>Here's What I Know About Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay Topics </h2> <p>Martin Luther portrays cases when the police let hounds on individuals from the overall population and events when they're extremely severe in their treatment of the people. What's more, he states he has authoritative connections to Birmingham which is the motivation behind why he is there. Birmingham is conceivably the most altogether isolated city in the usa. We've experienced every one of these means in Birmingham is conceivably the most altogether isolated city in america. </p> <p>Everybody should adhere to the laws. There are two types of laws just a nd unreasonable. The matter of each sort of social liberties. Just laws line up with the natural laws of God and should be followed. </p> <p>Academic papers can't contain any signs of copyright infringement. He builds up his models from every conceivable point of view. Inside this perusing, there are heaps of instances of things that are mixed up. </p> <p>Direct activity is a sort of political activism which may comprise of protests, strikes, and showings. Peaceful direct activity was made to make such an emergency a network, that has reliably denied exchange is right now made to stand up to the circumstance. Ruler feels there's a connection between all networks. He started a progression of peaceful workshops where they would figure out how to acknowledge blows without counter, and persevere through the experience of trouble Non-rough direct activity is intended to make such an emergency, that a network which has reliably rejected arrangement is presently com pelled to defy the issue. </p> <h2>The Downside Risk of Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay Topics </h2> <p>He has not skirted the utilization of intelligent false notions which causes the peruser to comprehend the point he is endeavoring to put over, by method for instance, he utilizes Thomas Jefferson to exhibit that all men are made equivalent thus there should be no separation at all. Luther guarantees he gives various explanations behind every contention he gives. As an outcome by far most of racial domination characterize the law by utilizing their preferred position at the top of the priority list. </p> <h2> The Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay Topics Cover Up</h2> <p>This composing organization ensures their papers are largely the stunning quality and all the clients are cheerful. You could likewise connect with your author to gracefully some additional suggestions or solicitation data in regards to the request's advancement. In the event that you wish to procure high magnificent research and proposition papers promptly and at a reasonable cost, you ought to likely endeavor utilizing EssaySupply.com. Mention to our specialists what sort of schoolwork help on the web you should get. </p> <h2>Get the Scoop on Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay Topics Before You're Too Late </h2> <p>King's reaction additionally addresses the opportunity of progress. He utilizes peaceful harmony talk as his essential technique to accomplish the objective of picking up uniformity. He introduces himself as a person that is mindful of the requirements in the network and attempting to guarantee that some of them are settled. Toward the beginning, Dr. Lord is playing an ambassador, attempting to arrive at a specific end through obliging, controlled ways. </p> <h2> What Is So Fascinating About Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay Topics?</h2> <p>As a model, Luther alludes to St. Augustine who says a crooked law isn't a law in any capacity. Ruler's presentation of the letter is the absolute first case of the utilization of ethos. They were prepared to acknowledge passing rather than submit to out of line laws. </p> <p>King needed uniformity for everyone. By utilizing these numerous gadgets, Dr. Ruler can successfully pass on his letter to his crowd and acquire the help required for the Civil War Movement. Martin Luther King contended that individuals that are mistreated can't remain dampened until the end of time. </p> <p>This letter is the underlying documentation of his belief system that dark people should be qualified for the indistinguishable standard rights as others. Lord clarifies that his gathering planned to perform prejudice and ensure the network everywhere was made to go up against the issue by getting up in everyone's appearances, as it were. Anyway, this announcement is a critical message for the intended interest group. This model assisted with exhibiting the strategy by which the legitimateness of a demonstration can ordinarily be a threat to the lives of many individuals. </p> <p>King muses that maybe his hopefulness in the capacity of places of w orship to participate in change was lost. Since one of its significant focuses is there are no pariahs with respect to foul play. What is the outcomes psychological warfare gives off an impression of being expanding, and turning out to be considerably progressively ruthless is there any probability of finding harmony later on. In this way equity doesn't exist at all. </p>

Research Paper Topics Related to Buddhism

<h1>Research Paper Topics Related to Buddhism</h1><p>Buddhist reflection and Buddhist research have numerous similitudes. The center ideas of these two are comparable, and every ha been impacted by the other. It's anything but an incident that both exist. Research on Buddhism and reflection is similarly as significant as examination into brain science or sociology.</p><p></p><p>Research on Buddhism is essential to understanding the religion and the historical backdrop of the world. For what reason does this religion make a difference? This strict examination uncovers a great deal about the manner in which individuals think, feel, relate, act, and consider themselves and their general surroundings. These analysts become familiar with how individuals think when all is said in done. What makes these religions not quite the same as other religions?</p><p></p><p>Since so much is thought about Buddhism and its disciples, the re are various research paper subjects you can use to do your own examination. The theme may not be the equivalent for everybody, except a portion of the thoughts will come up over again.</p><p></p><p>When investigating into the subject of reflection, you will regularly discover look into paper points identified with contemplation. This incorporates various styles of reflection, for example, zazen, Vipassana, or all the more ordinarily known as customary contemplation. These are the kinds of reflection rehearsed by priests, nuns, and instructors in Japan, China, Tibet, Korea, and even India. Various styles can work for various individuals, so it is essential to do your examination properly.</p><p></p><p>Meditation is a type of calm mental action and is unique in relation to standard cognizance or mindfulness. We frequently believe the possibility of reflection to be something that just happens unexpectedly. Be that as it may, in actual ity, it is a painstakingly arranged strategy for mental control. At the point when you think, you utilize your considerations to sort out and guide your focus toward a particular point, either intentionally or subliminally. This procedure permits you to center your cognizance and consideration towards the individual of contemplation, their breath, their musings, and other inside awareness.</p><p></p><p>A extraordinary thought is to begin by making a rundown of the considerable number of things you think about Buddhism and the entirety of the intriguing realities that have come out about it. Your rundown may incorporate things like reflection, Buddha sculptures, Zen, or tantra. You may locate that a portion of these are inconsequential to one another, however discovering this out at an early stage will enable you to perceive what your exploration needs to state about reflection, and permit you to improve as a researcher.</p><p></p><p>Re search paper points identified with Buddhism are significant in understanding an exceptionally novel type of otherworldliness. By utilizing diverse research paper subjects and doing your examination, you can start to comprehend the convictions, chronicles, and ideas driving Buddhist meditation.</p>

The City Of Wortropolis Faced An Economic Recession

The city of Wortropolis faced an economic recession between 1980-2000. Wortropolis was a city that thrived from 1950-1980 with an economy based on large-scale manufacturing. The unemployment rate was 3% and the majority of residents owned their homes. In 1980 the city was hit with corporate frauds and illegal investment practices which lead to the collapse of the banking sector. The banking sector collapse lead to the economic recession. The recession caused problems of increased poverty, social inequality, and crime. Between 1980-2000 the crime rates significantly rose. The violent crime rate went from 5 per 100,000 to 50 per 100,000. The property crime rate went from 100 per 100,000 to 400 per 100,000. Despite the large increase in crime during the recession many of the white-collar offenders were never apprehended. The recession initially occurred due to the corporate fraud and illegal investment practices but they were not apprehended like the people who committed blue-collar cri mes. This failure to apprehend the people can be displayed through the labeling theory. The labeling theory can explain the failure to apprehend the people who committed the white-collar crimes that caused the recession, and why the rate of white-collar offences remained low through the sixty-year period through differential enforcement and labeling. The labeling theory can explain the failure to apprehend the people who sparked the recession. The theory states that differential enforcement and

Economic Interaction Between Natural Monopoly and Regions

Question: Discuss about the Economic Interaction Between Natural Monopoly and Regions. Answer: Introduction This study is helpful to understand the reason why government of Australia want to set the price charged by the natural monopolies at the level where demand curve intersects the average total cost. Firstly, this study has tried to provide the concept of natural monopolies. In this study, the example of natural monopolies of Australia has also mentioned. On the other hand, this study is benefitted to understand the benefits, cost structures and the market structure of the natural monopoly. The types of monopoly and their nature of differences would be mentioned in this context. In this context, it can be mentioned that within a market, the price of a product under natural monopoly market would be cheaper compared to the two or more equivalent producers. This study would describe the government of Australias decision regarding the role of natural monopoly in the market of Australia. According to Carvalho Marques (2014), it can be mentioned that natural monopoly is a situation of monopoly, where the higher infrastructural cost and the barriers to entry of an industry is connected with the size of the market. As a result, the largest suppliers get the advantage and have the competitive advantage over the other competitors in the market. In this purpose, Crew Kleindorfer (2012) mentioned that where the capital costs are predominating and have the economies of scale compared in the connection with large size of the market. Australian electricity providers are the good example of natural monopolists. In the words of Crozet, Nash, Preston (2012), it can be mentioned that there are two types of costs, which are essential for the natural monopolies such as marginal cost and the fixed cost. The marginal cost is helpful to serve more consumers. On the contrary, Haucap Klein (2012) argued that natural monopoly does not exist. In this connection, it can be stated that marginal costs decreases with the economies of scale. The average costs of the organisational products and services would also decrease. Moreover, it can be mentioned that the natural monopolies has several cost structures. Haucap Klein (2012) opined that the fixed cost in case of natural monopoly is comparatively higher and it is not depending upon the output. However, the marginal cost of production is constant and comparatively lower. This study has provided the concept why government wants to impose the price of products as per the decision of natural monopolists. According to Makwe, Akinwale Atoyebi (2012), it can be mentioned that government wants to regulate natural monopolies in order to provide protection to the interests of the customers. More specifically, it can be added that government can effectively prevent the growth of the monopoly power. Firstly, government can reduce the excessive prices of the products. If the government of Australia does not implement the natural monopoly in the market then the producers may set higher prices of the products. As a result, the consumers may suffer from the problem of allocative inefficiency. Hence, it can be mentioned that consumer welfare level will be decreased. In this context, Haucap Klein (2012) opined that due to higher economies of scale, the government of Australia requires to encourage the competition in the market. Therefore, the new entrants create th e potential loss of efficiency. In is necessary to regulate the organisations by preventing the excessive use of monopoly power. Minimum efficient scale is required to be the lowest level of outcome. In this position, the scale of economies can be effectively exploited. Cost structure In case of natural monopoly, the average total cost is continuously falling due to the presence of economies of scale. In this situation, it can be noticed that marginal cost of products is below the average cost of production. The above figure depicted that the long run average cost under natural monopoly has been falling constantly. The reason can be described as the economies of scale are formulated in the market, therefore, average cost continuously fall. On the other hand, it can be mentioned that in order to maximise the profitability of a firm, the natural monopolist could charge Q, and therefore, the firms can earn super normal profits. On the contrary, Minamihashi (2012) criticised that in case of losses under natural monopolies, the government can provide subsidy to the organisations. Advantages of natural monopoly The advantages of natural monopolies can be discussed in the following manner: Average cost pricing As per the statement of Nizovtseva (2014), it can be mentioned that average cost pricing can reduces the pricing flexibility of the organisation and assures that the monopolies cannot capture above the margins. Price ceiling As opined by Crew Kleindorfer (2012), natural monopoly may be formulated through the enforcement of higher charging potential prices. With the help of the strategy of price ceiling, it can be mentioned that the definite products cannot be sold above the specific prices. Rate of return regulations This is equivalent to the average cost pricing. In this connection, it can be mentioned that the percentage of net profitability could be brought in an organisation requires to set under the government specified percentage. This will in turn assures the compliance along with the governmental regulatory approaches. Tax or subsidy In the point of Stiglitz Rosengard (2015), it can be mentioned that the governmental bodies can improve natural monopoly by maximising the taxes on larger producers. Precisely, the government allows financial support through the subsidies to the new entrants, which in turn assures the competitive environment, is highly equitable. Market structure As opined by Minamihashi (2012), it can be mentioned that when the economies of scale under monopoly has been increasing continuously based on the size of the firm, the natural monopolist firm would be able to provide the entire market demand in terms of lower cost compared to the two or more firms. On the other hand, it can be mentioned that there are two types of natural monopoly in the market such as strong monopoly and weak monopoly. When strong natural monopoly reflects the decreasing average costs, on the other hand, the weak natural monopoly firms reflect the increasing average costs. If the costs under natural monopoly are sub additive, the existing market would prefer a market which consist only one firm compared to the same output producing multiple firms. As a result, Haucap Klein (2012) mentioned that under the weak monopoly market structure, the regulatory authorities bar entry into this type of market, the natural monopolists can control the prices of the products. In addition, it can be stated that strong natural monopoly exists if the long run average cost curve of a single firm is decreasing up to the point where long run average cost curve intersects the overall market demand curve. The market structure can be illustrated by figure 2. With the help of the above figure, it can be observed that one firm would be able to provide goods and services to the consumers in the market comparatively lower rate compare to the two or more firms. For example, it can be mentioned that if Australian market consist of four firms and each of the firm produced at the optimal level, then it can be opined that marginal revenue is equivalent to the marginal costs. Therefore, it can be stated that the market price would be determined by the total market demand curve. This would in turn add up the price of the product up to the level of Px. On the other hand, from the above figure it can be noticed that at the point b, the market is restructured among the four firms, despite of one natural monopoly firm, each firm would be able to produce at a smaller scale. Moreover, it can be mentioned that entire produced output would be unchanged, however, the average unit costs is higher at point b. Hence, it can be inferred that the market helps to a single producer to formulate the entire market demand at cheaper rate compare to the more than one equal producer. Governments decision In the words of Makwe, Akinwale Atoyebi (2012), it can be mentioned that under natural monopoly, the long run average cost curve declines constantly over a greater output range. The government of Australia requires to implement the strategies of natural monopoly within the market. In this purpose, it can be mentioned that the people of that country would be benefitted as a large business can supply products to the consumers at a lower price compare to the more than one seller. Therefore, consumers satisfaction level would be increased. In addition, it can be mentioned that in case of natural monopoly, only one firm exist in the market. Therefore, Stiglitz Rosengard (2015) added that there would be no competition within the market. Therefore, it can be inferred that the cost and the price of the products would not be increased. This would in turn helpful to increase the welfare level of the consumers. In this point, it can be concluded the government of Australia requires to formula te natural monopoly system within the market. In order to discuss the importance of natural monopoly and why government requires to implement natural monopoly system within the market, it is necessary to identify the practical example of natural monopoly. Minamihashi (2012) cited that Australian electricity producer is an appropriate example. The behaviour of the electricity producer is seemed to be inelastic. This refers that the electricity producers would increase the price of the product, however, the demand would not be changed. Therefore, from the point of the electricity producers, they would be able to maximise their profitability statement due to the absence of competition. On the other hand, in short run it can be mentioned that the profitability statement of the organisation would be increased. On the contrary, Nizovtseva (2014) it can be argued that if the organisation charged higher price due to inelastic demand of the products, government do not require to formulate the practice of natural monopoly within the count ry. Apart from this, it can be recommended that in this situation government requires to allow to enter other suppliers to enter into the market. Therefore, the price of the products would be decreased by entering more suppliers into the market. Although the natural monopolists would not able to earn super normal profit in the short run, would earn normal profit. Conclusion This study has highlighted the market structure of natural monopoly. In this connection, it can be observed that the cost would be sub additive in the natural monopoly market compared to the two or more equivalent firms. This study is also helpful to identify the structure of average cost, marginal cost and the fixed cost of the long run as well as short run. On the other hand, this study is helpful to discuss the short run and the long run profitability statement under natural monopoly. Furthermore, in this study, the types of natural monopoly has described such as the strong natural monopoly as well as the weak natural monopoly. Lastly, this study has provided the governments decision regarding the use of natural monopoly. References Carvalho, P., Marques, R. C. (2014). Computing economies of vertical integration, economies of scope and economies of scale using partial frontier nonparametric methods. European Journal of Operational Research , 292-307. Crew, M. A., Kleindorfer, P. R. (2012). Managing change in the postal and delivery industries. Springer Science Business Media. Crozet, Y., Nash, C., Preston, J. (2012). Beyond the quiet life of a natural monopoly: Regulatory challenges ahead for Europes rail sector. CERRE, Brussels. Haucap, J., Klein, G. J. (2012). How regulation affects network and service quality in related markets. Economics Letters. , 521-524. Makwe, J. N., Akinwale, Y. O., Atoyebi, M. K. (2012). An economic assessment of the reform of Nigerian electricity market. . Energy and Power. , 24-32. Minamihashi, N. Natural monopoly and distorted competition: evidence from unbundling fiber-optic networks. 2012. Nizovtseva, I. (2014). Generalization index of the economic interaction effectiveness between the natural monopoly and regions in case of multiple simultaneous projects. . Applied Mathematical Sciences. , 1223-1230. Stiglitz, J. E., Rosengard, J. K. (2015). Economics of the Public Sector: Fourth International Student Edition. WW Norton Company.

Performance Appraisal of Al-Arafah Islami Bank Limited free essay sample

Every company has its own vision and mission. Achieving of its vision and mission is primarily depends on the performance of the employees. If the employees are not dedicated to their works, they will not achieve company’s mission as well as its vision. It is the duty of the Human Resource department in a company to measure the performance of the employees and based on their performance appraisal report and considering the need of the organization assigning employees with different training and development programs so that the employees can develop their skills as well as contribute in the development of the organization. As a result, the organization can achieve its goal from their employees. This performance appraisal and training program has great impact on financial institution to achieve its targeted profit and competitive advantage. As a part of our BBA Program, our Human Resource Management Course Instructor Mr. Faisol Chowdhury assigned us to prepare a report on the employee performance measurement in an organization, the training and development program offered in an organization and the benefit the organization gets from these training and development programs. We will write a custom essay sample on Performance Appraisal of Al-Arafah Islami Bank Limited or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We have selected our report topic as, â€Å"Performance appraisal, training and development programs and its benefits in AL-Arafah Islami Bank LTD†. 1. 2 Background of the Company: Al-Arafah Islami Bank Limited is a scheduled commercial bank. With the objective of achieving success here hereafter by pursuing the way directed by Allah and the path shown by His Rasul (SM), Al Arafah Islami Bank Ltd was established under the Bank Companies Act 1991 and incorporated as a public limited company under the Companies Act 1994 in Bangladesh with the primary objective to carry on all kinds of banking business in Bangladesh. The Bank is listed with Dhaka Stock Exchange Limited and Chittagong Stock Exchange Limited in 1998. For the purpose of maintaining boost modern management, advanced technology, good profitability and steady growth transparency Al-Arafah Islami Bank started its journey in 1995 with the said principles in mind and to introduce a modern banking system based on Al-Quran and Sunnah. A group of established, dedicated and pious personalities of Bangladesh are the architects and directors of the Bank. Among them a noted Islamic scholar, economist, writer and ex-bureau craft of Bangladesh government Mr. A. Z. M. Shamsul Alam is the founder Chairman of the bank. His progressive leadership and continuous inspiration provided a boost for the bank in getting a foothold in the financial market of Bangladesh. A group of 26 dedicated and noted Islamic personalities of Bangladesh are the member of executive committee of the bank. MR. Badiur Rahman and MR. Ekramul Hoque are the existing chairman and the managing director of the bank. Now AIBL is one of the top ranked banks in Bangladesh. Recently it has introduced its 100th branch milestone by opening its 100th branch in Teknaf, Cox’s Bazar. AIBL annual Report, 2011) Vision: †¢ To be a pioneer in Islamic Banking in Bangladesh and contribue significantly to the growth of the national economy. Mission: †¢ Achieving the satisfaction of Almighty Allah both here hereafter. Proliferation of Shariah Based Banking Practices. †¢ Fast and efficient customer service. †¢ Quality financial services adopting the latest technology. †¢ Maintaining high standard of business ethics and competitive return on shareholders equity. †¢ Firm commitment to the growth of national economy. †¢ Innovative banking at a competitive price. Attract and retain quality human resources. †¢ Balance growth. 1. 3 Objective of this report: We have prepared this repost based on two purposes: Primary Objective †¢ To provide detailed information about the performance appraisal process of AL-Arafah Islami Bank LTD †¢ To provide detailed information on training and development †¢ To figure out the benefits of the training and development program Secondary Objectives †¢ It is an assessment criteria for our MGT-351 (Introduction to Human Resource Management Course) †¢ It is a practical implementation of our theoretical knowledge 1. 4 Scope of the Study As we have an assigned topic we have covered only that certain topics in this report. For covering that certain topics we talked to the Human Resource Division head and the training institute principal of AL-Arafah Islami Bank LTD. As a result we got some valuable information about the performance appraisal method of bank and their training programs which helped us to justify our theoretical concept of performance appraisal, training method and its real life benefit. As AIBL is a Shariah based Islamic bank we have also gathered some valuable information about Islamic banking system. 1. Methodology For making any report we have to collect primary and secondary information which reflect the actual situation of the company. We have collected both primary and secondary data for making our report. I. Primary data: The data we have collected from Mr. Md. Rafiqul Islam, Deputy Managing Director of AIBL, Mr. Mazharul Islam, Vice President the Head of HRD, AIBL, Mr. Zahid Hasan, Assistant Vice President Principal of the AIBTRA through interview are considering as primary data. II. Secondary data: The data we have collected from their AIBL website (http://www. al-arafahbank. om), Annual Report, periodicals, various books, articles etc regarding banking activities, different literature and official records ) are considered as secondary data. 2. 0 Literature Review 2. 1. 0 Performance Appraisal: What is Performance Appraisal? Performance Appraisal (PA) means evaluating an employee’s current and previous performance relative to his or her performance standards. (Dessler Varkkey 2012, p. 318) Performance = f (A, M, O) A = ability, M = motivation, O = opportunity It is not a process that happens once a year or every six months, but one that happens every day. It should focus solely on employee performance improvement. It is an element of the Performance Management system. Performance appraisal always involves 1) Setting work standard 2) Assessing employees actual performance relative to those standard 3) Providing feedback to their employee with the aim of motivating him or her to eliminate performance deficiencies Potential Benefits of Performance Appraisals There are a number of potential benefits of organizational performance management conducting formal performance appraisals (PAs). There has been a general consensus in the belief that PAs lead to positive implications of organizations. Furthermore, PAs can benefit an organization’s effectiveness. One way is PAs can often lead to giving individual workers feedback about their job performance. From this may spawn several potential benefits such as the individual workers becoming more productive. Other potential benefits include: †¢ Facilitation of communication: communication in organizations is considered an essential function of worker motivation. It has been proposed that feedback from PAs aid in minimizing employees’ perceptions of uncertainty. Fundamentally, feedback and management-employee communication can serve as a guide in job performance. †¢ Enhancement of employee focus through promoting trust: Behaviours, thoughts, and/or issues may distract employees from their work, and trust issues may be among these distracting factors. Such factors that consume psychological energy can lower job performance and cause workers to lose sight of organizational goals. Properly constructed and utilized PAs have the ability to lower distracting factors and encourage trust within the organization. Goal setting and desired performance reinforcement: Organizations find it efficient to match individual worker’s goals and performance with organizational goals. PAs provide room for discussion in the collaboration of these individual and organizational goals. Collaboration can also be advantageous by resulting in employee acceptance and satisfaction of appraisal results. †¢ Performance improvement: Well-constructed PAs can be valuable tools for communication with employees as pertaining to how their job performance stands with organizational expectations. At the organizational level, numerous studies have reported positive relationships between human resource management (HRM) practices and performance improvement at both the individual and organizational levels. †¢ Determination of training needs: â€Å"Employee training and development are crucial components in helping an organization achieve strategic initiatives†. It has been argued that for PAs to truly be effective, post-appraisal opportunities for training and development in problem areas, as determined by the appraisal, must be offered. PAs can especially be instrumental for identifying training needs of new employees. Finally, PAs can help in the establishment and supervision of employees’ career goals. 2. 1. 1 Performance Appraisal Methods: Many organisations have eliminated formal appraisal programs, preferring a structured hiring, training and organisational culture centric employee performance. Most organisations still practice some sort of appraisal methods to evaluate employee performance. A mixture of different appraisal methods is always recommended for a better and meaningful result. (Dessler Varkkey 2012, p. 324) GRAPHIC RATING SCALE: The graphical rating scale is the simplest and most popular method for appraising performance. A graphical rating scale list traits (such as â€Å"communication or teamwork†) and a range of performance values (from â€Å"uncertainty† to â€Å"outstanding† or â€Å"below expectation† to â€Å"role model†) for each trait. The supervisor rates each subordinate by circling or checking the score that best describes the subordinate’s performance for each trait. [pic] Alternation ranking Method: Ranking employees from best to worst on a particular trait, choosing highest, then lowest until all are ranked [pic] Paired Comparison method: Paired comparison method helps to make the ranking method more precise. For every trait (quantity of work, quality of work, and so on), you pair and compare every subordinate with every other subordinate. Forced Distribution Method: The forced distribution method is similar to grading on a curve. With this method, anyone can place predetermined percentages of rates into several performance categories. The proportions in each category need not to be symmetrical. Critical Incident method: Keeping a record of uncommonly good or undesirable examples of an employee’s work related behaviour and reviewing it with the employee. Manager then uses the record to assess the employees’ performance when it is time for PA. Not helpful for comparing employees and making salary decisions. Behaviourally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS): A behaviourally anchored rating scale (BARS) is an appraisal tool that anchors a numerical rating scale with specific examples of good or poor performance. Essay Description: A written statement describes employee’s strengths, weaknesses, past performance and future development. Managers write the descriptions of the employees. So, good writing skill is the pre-requisite for this method. Management by Objectives: MBO is a comprehensive and formal organization-wide goal setting and appraisal programme, used sometimes as a primary appraisal method or a supplementary method. Electronic Performance Monitoring: Electronic performance monitoring (EPM) systems use computer network technology to allow managers access to their employees computers and telephone. So managers can monitor employees rate, accuracy and time spent working outline. 2. 1. 2 Performance Appraisal Problems (Dessler Varkkey 2012, p. 333) †¢ Unclear Standard Most of the appraisal scales are unclear. Standards and traits are interpreted differently by different people. †¢ Halo Effect – When a supervisor’s rating of a subordinate on one trait biases the rating of all other traits. E. g. an unfriendly employee will often be rated ‘unsatisfactory’ for all traits rather than just for that specific trait. †¢ Central Tendency – Tendency to rate all employees the same way – the middle of the rating scale; which is usually rating an average rating. †¢ Leniency or Strictness – Tendency to rate all subordinates either ‘high’ or ‘low’. Biasness – Tendency to rate employees based on their differences on age, race, sex, background and other characteristics. 2. 2. 0 Definition of training and development: Training means giving new or current employees the skills they need to perform their jobs. It is the process of providing employees with the knowledge, skills and attitudes they need to successfull y perform their current job. It usually involves teaching operational or technical employees how to do their jobs more effectively and efficiently. (Dessler Varkkey 2012, p. 274) Development is the process that provides employees knowledge, skills and attitudes they will need to perform jobs at present and jobs they aspire to in future. It is generally aimed at helping top level executives better understand and solve problems, make decisions, and capitalize on opportunities. The cost and budget of development program is higher than training. (Dessler Varkkey 2012, p. 295) 2. 2. 2 Training Programs There are several training programs- (Dessler Varkkey 2012, p. 283) †¢ On the job training: It having a person learns a job by actually doing the tasks by him. Apprenticeship: It is a process by which people become skilled workers, usually through a combination of formal learning and long-term on the job training. †¢ Job instruction: listing each job’s basic tasks, along with key points, to provide step-by-step training for employees. Sometimes position description (PD) can be used as job instruction. †¢ Coaching: Under an official appointed teacher employee learn the basic tactics of the job. †¢ Mentoring: linking an experienced employee with less experienced employee to share experience, knowledge and skills. Helping someone to change his attitude, not his skills. Lectures/Seminar/Workshop: Lecture is a quick and simple way of providing knowledge to large groups of trainees. †¢ Audiovisual/Multimedia: Audiovisual based training techniques like DVDs, films, PowerPoint, and audiotapes are widely used. †¢ Vestibule: Vestibule training is a method in which trainers learn on the actual or simulated equipment they will use on the job, but are trained off the job(perhaps in a separate room or vestibule). †¢ Computer Based Training (CBT): With computer based training, trainers use interactive computer-based and DVD system to increase knowledge and skills. Role Play: Role playing is to create a realistic situation and then have the trainees assumes the part (or roles) specific person in that situation. †¢ Action Learning: Action learning programs give managers and others released time to work analyzing and solving problems in departments other than their own. †¢ Assessment centres (in-house / off the job) : centre that assesses participants performance, benchmark this against established standards, and consider remedial resources. E. g. Ernst Young. Simulated training: provides trainees with the opportunity to learn on the actual or simulated equipment while off the job in a risk free environment. E. g. driving, medical examinations, pilots. †¢ E-learning: learning delivered, enabled and mediated by electronic technology. E. g. computer / internet web based training sessions on cost effective, OHS issues. †¢ Vestibule Training: training that takes place away from the production area on equipment that closely resembles the actual equipment used on the job. 2. 3. 0 Development methods (Dessler Varkkey 2012, p. 296) There are several development methods- Job Rotation: Job rotation means moving managers from department to department to broaden their understanding of the business to test their abilities. Action Learning: Action learning programs give managers and others released time to work analyzing and solving problems in departments other than their own. Case study: giving employees a written description of an organisational problem to diagnose and solve. Management games: computerised management game where trainees are divided into five or six person companies, each of which has to compete with the other in a simulated marketplace. Outside seminars: attending seminars arranged by outside organisations. E. g. AHRI. University programs: continuous education programs in leadership, supervision etc. Role Play: Role playing is to create a realistic situation and then have the trainees assumes the part (or roles) specific person in that situation. In house Development centers/Corporate University: In house development center typically offer a catalogue of courses and programs aimed at supporting the employers’ management needs. Executive Coaches: Executive coaches is an outside consultant who questions the executive’s boss, peers, subordinates, and (sometimes) family in order to identify executive’s strengths and weakness and how they can capitalize their strength and overcome the weakness. 3. 1. 0 Performance Measurement in AL-Arafah Islami Bank LTD. AIBL has its own Human resource department. Personal data and the records of service and performance are recorded and maintained separately for each employee by HRD. HR executive and HRD head regularly measure their employee’s performance.